Java Characteristics
- Object-Oriented
Java is structured to use classes, methods and objects. Only the most basic primitive operations and data types (int, for, while, etc.) are used below object level.
- Platform Independent
Java programs are compiled to a byte code format that can be read and run by interpreters the majority of platforms (including Windows 95/98/NT/Me/XP, Mac OS X, and most Unix systems (e.g. Solaris 2.3 and later)).
- Safe
Java code can be executed in an environment that prevents viruses being introduced, files being deleted or modified and operations performed that would destroy data or crash the computer.
- Multi-Threaded
Java is inherently multi-threaded. A single Java program can run different processes independently and continuously.
- High Performance
Java can be compiled on the fly with a Just-In-Time compiler that rivals C++ in speed.
Similarities between C++ and Java
Both object-0riented languages, where classes and objects are the main tools for development and have similar constuction mechanisms (constructor for classes).
Differences between C++ and Java.
- C++ has stand alone main() function. In Java main() is part of a class.
- Java signature of main() is: public static void main(String args[])
- C++ relies heavily on pointers. Java does not use pointers directly (but does use pass by reference).
- C++ uses delete() function to clear memory. Java has garbage collection.
- Java runs on a Virtual Machine.
- Java supports multi-threading.
- Java uses single inheritance whereas C++ uses multiple inheritance.
- Java only allows its + operator to be overloaded for strings. C++ allows all operators to be overloaded.
Differences between Java application and Java applet.
- Java applications run standalone. Java applets run under a browser environment.
- Java applications have a main() function, applets do not.
- Java applications have no default security manager. Java applets have the brower's security manager and cannot perform functions such as file I/O.
Abbreviations
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CORBA
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Common Object Request Broker Architecture. Can run between Java, C++, or any other language implementation of an ORB.
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DCOM
| Distributed Component Object Model.
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EJB
| Enterprise JavaBeans components.
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IIOP |
Internet InterORB Protocol.
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J2EE |
Java 2 Enterprise Edition. Adds full support for Enterprise JavaBeans components, Java Servlets API, JavaServer Pages and XML technology to Java 2.
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JAR |
Java ARchive File. Package small files into one JAR file. Allows applets to open only one HTTP connection. A standard convenient way to package JavaBeans.
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JCP |
Java Community Process. The process is used to make changes to the Java Language.
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JDBC |
Java Database Connectivity API. Application to connect Java to relational databases.
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JDK |
Java Development Kit. The kit provides the tools to build and execute Java applications.
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JMS |
Java Messaging Service. A Java interface for building message-based applications.
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JNI |
Java Native Interface.
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JNDI |
Java Naming and Directory Interface. An API that allows Java programs to associate and use a name with a Java object.
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JRE |
Java Runtime Environment. Provides a JVM to run Java applications on a particular type of hardware. See also JDK.
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ORB |
Object Request Broker. The ORB is a runtime component that can be used for distributed computing using IIOP communication.
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RMI |
Remote Method Invocation. Does not need an ORB. Runs only between Java programs.
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RPC |
Remote Procedure Call.
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Distributed Computing
Methods: RMI, COBRA, RPC, DCOM.
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(c) Compiled by B V Wood.
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